مطالعه اثر سرعت اسکن و توان لیزر بر حوضچه مذاب در فرآیند ذوب انتخابی لیزر به کمک معادلات حرکت مذاب برای Ti6Al4V

نوع مقاله : گرایش ساخت و تولید

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین ع، تهران، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

روش ذوب انتخابی لیزر، یکی از روش‌های ساخت افزایشی است که در آن قطعات با ساختارهای هندسی متنوع به‌صورت لایه به لایه، توسط ذوب پودر فلز ایجاد می­شود. گرادیان دما در محل ذوب، به پارامترهای فرآیند مانند سرعت اسکن و توان لیزر وابسته است که بر روی ابعاد حوضچه مذاب و کیفیت سطح تأثیر دارد. با توجه به ماهیت گذرا و ابعاد بسیار کوچک حوضچه مذاب، کنترل و اندازه‌گیری گرادیان دمای ایجاد شده و ابعاد حوضچه مذاب نسبتاً دشوار است. در این مقاله از یک مدل اجزای محدود جهت تحلیل فرآیند و مطالعه اثر سرعت اسکن و توان لیزر، بر روی بستری از آلیاژ Ti6Al4V  استفاده شده است. در این مطالعه ابتدا معادلات نظریه لیزر بررسی شد و پس از مدل‌سازی، صحت لیزر مدل شده با نمونه تجربی مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. پس از صحت‌سنجی مدل‌سازی لیزر، فرآیند ذوب انتخابی لیزر بررسی و تحلیل اجزای محدود برای توان­ و سرعت­های مختلف انجام شد. برای مدل‌سازی از فیزیک‌های مختلفی در نرم‌افزار، به‌طور هم‌زمان شامل انتقال حرارت همراه با معادلات تغییر فاز جامد به مایع، تنش سطحی (اثر مارانگونی) و جریان آرام سیال (معادلات ناویراستوکس) همراه با اثر گرانش استفاده شد. ابعاد حوضچه مذاب، گرادیان دما در راستاهای مسیر حرکت لیزر، پهنا و عمق لایه مذاب و همچنین بررسی پیدایش عیب اثر توپی شدن، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. نتایج مدل عددی جهت صحت­سنجی با مدل تجربی مقایسه شد که سازگاری مناسبی را با نمونه تجربی نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Study of Scan Speed and Laser Power Effects on the Molten Pool in Selective Laser Melting of Ti6Al4V Based on the Molten Motion Equations

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Ali Ghorashi 1
  • Milad Sadegh Yazdi 2
  • Mohammad Hadi Hosseinzadeh 3
  • Seyyed Mohssen Mousavi Kani 3
1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Selective laser melting (SLM) is a laser powder-bed fusion method that offers great potentials in producing components with complex shapes and geometries. Process parameters like laser power and scan speed have significant effect on the induced temperature gradient which determines the molten pool dimensions and surface integrity. Due to the transient feature and fine dimensions of the molten pool, monitoring and measuring the induced temperature gradient and the pool dimensions are extremely challenging. In this article, a finite element model has been used to analyze the process and investigate the scanning speed and laser power parameters during the SLM process on a substrate of Ti6Al4V alloy. In this study, first the theoretical equations of laser have been investigated and after modeling, the accuracy of the modeled laser has been compared with the experimental model. After verifying the laser modeling, the FEM analysis of SLM has been carried out for various laser powers and scan speeds to study the effects of the mentioned process parameters. For the modelling, various physics assumptions have been simultaneously used in the software including heat transfer, solid to liquid phase changes equations, surface tension (Marangoni effect), and laminar fluid flow (Navier-Stokes equation) along with the gravity effect. Molten pool dimensions, temperature gradient along the laser moving heat source, width, and depth of the molten pool, as well as the occurrence of the balling effect phenomenon, have been studied separately in each case. The results obtained by FEM analysis have been compared with the experimental model, showing good compatibility.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Selective laser melting (SLM)
  • Laser power
  • Scan speed
  • Balling effect
  • Numerical simulation

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 آبان 1400

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