[1] Ahangari Sisi Z, Mirzaei M, Rafatnia S. Design and Experimental Validation of an Extended State Observer for Estimating of Uncertainties and Unknown Road Input in a Quarter-car McPherson Suspension System. Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2024;55(12):1499-522 (In Persian ). DOI: 10.22060/mej.2024.22681.7658
[2] Aghasizade S, Mirzaei M, Rafatnia S. Novel constrained control of active suspension system integrated with anti-lock braking system based on 14-degree of freedom vehicle model. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics. 2018;232(4):501-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1464419317752612
[3] Abdi B, Mirzaei M, Rafatnia S, Akbari Alvanagh A. Analytical Design of Constrained Nonlinear Optimal Controller for Vehicle Active Suspension System considering the Limitation of Hydraulic Actuator. Journal of Control. 2017;11(3):25-34 (In Persian ). DOI: 20.1001.1.20088345.1396.11.3.4.5
[4] Sever M, Yazici H. Disturbance observer based optimal controller design for active suspension systems. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2016;49(9):105-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.505
[5] Abdi B, Mirzaei M, Mojed Gharamaleki R. A new approach to optimal control of nonlinear vehicle suspension system with input constraint. Journal of vibration and control. 2018;24(15):3307-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546317704598
[6] Wang J, Jin F, Zhou L, Li P. Implementation of model-free motion control for active suspension systems. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. 2019;119:589-602. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2018.10.004
[7] Doumiati M, Victorino A, Charara A, Lechner D, editors. Estimation of road profile for vehicle dynamics motion: experimental validation. Proceedings of the 2011 American control conference; 2011: IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/ACC.2011.5991595
[8] Doumiati M, Erhart S, Martinez J, Sename O, Dugard L. Adaptive control scheme for road profile estimation: application to vehicle dynamics. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2014;47(3):8445-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00986
[9] Nodeh TF, Mirzaei M, Khosrowjerdi MJ. Simultaneous output selection and observer design for vehicle suspension system with unknown road profile. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. 2021;70(5):4203-11. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2021.3068647
[10] Henderson GT. Fundamentals of Kalman Filtering: A Practical Approach. Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics series Vol 190 P. Zarchan and H. Musoff American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA 20191, USA. 2000. 664pp. Illustrated. 99.95 (non-members). ISBN 1-56347-455-7. The Aeronautical Journal. 2001;105(1049):400-. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S000192400001232X
[11] Jesussek M, Ellermann K. Fault detection and isolation for a nonlinear railway vehicle suspension with a Hybrid Extended Kalman filter. Vehicle System Dynamics. 2013;51(10):1489-501. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2013.810764
[12] Kang S-W, Kim J-S, Kim G-W. Road roughness estimation based on discrete Kalman filter with unknown input. Vehicle System Dynamics. 2019;57(10):1530-44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2018.1524151
[13] Boada BL, Boada MJL, Zhang H. Sensor fusion based on a dual Kalman filter for estimation of road irregularities and vehicle mass under static and dynamic conditions. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics. 2019;24(3):1075-86. DOI: 10.1109/TMECH.2019.2909977
[14] Kim G, Lee SY, Oh J-S, Lee S. Deep learning-based estimation of the unknown road profile and state variables for the vehicle suspension system. IEEE Access. 2021;9:13878-90. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3051619
[15] Sistla P, Chemmangat K, Figarado S. Design and implementation of passivity-based controller for active suspension system using port-Hamiltonian observer. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. 2023;237(14):3367-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/09544070221147364
[16] Li W, Chen L, Fu J, Luo L, Yu M. State estimation of magnetorheological suspension of all-terrain vehicle based on a novel adaptive Sage–Husa Kalman filtering. Smart Materials and Structures. 2024;34(1):015005. DOI: 10.1088/1361-665X/ad9441
[17] Yang L, Zhao Y, Ren H, Chen J. State observer for semi-active suspension system based on MPA-UKF. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. 2025:09544070251316599. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/09544070251316599
[18] Rafatnia S, Nourmohammadi H, Keighobadi J. Fuzzy-adaptive constrained data fusion algorithm for indirect centralized integrated SINS/GNSS navigation system. Gps Solutions. 2019;23(3):62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-019-0845-z
[19] Abdolkarimi ES, Mosavi MR, Rafatnia S, Martín D. A hybrid data fusion approach to AI-assisted indirect centralized integrated SINS/GNSS navigation system during GNSS outage. IEEE Access. 2021;9:100827-38. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3096422
[20] Wang H, Mustafa GI, Tian Y. Model-free fractional-order sliding mode control for an active vehicle suspension system. Advances in Engineering Software. 2018;115:452-61. DOI:
[21] Wang G, Chadli M, Basin MV. Practical terminal sliding mode control of nonlinear uncertain active suspension systems with adaptive disturbance observer. IEEE/ASME Transactions On Mechatronics. 2020;26(2):789-97. DOI: 10.1109/TMECH.2020.3000122
[22] Du M, Zhao D, Ni T, Ma L, Du S. Output feedback control for active suspension electro-hydraulic actuator systems with a novel sampled-data nonlinear extended state observer. IEEE Access. 2020;8:128741-56. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3008734
[23] Du M, Zhao D, Yang M, Chen H. Nonlinear extended state observer-based output feedback stabilization control for uncertain nonlinear half-car active suspension systems. Nonlinear Dynamics. 2020;100(3):2483-503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-020-05638-y
[24] Waghmare DB, Asutkar VG, Patre BM. Extended disturbance observer based robust sliding mode control for active suspension system: DB Waghmare et al. International Journal of Dynamics and Control. 2021;9(4):1681-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40435-021-00761-z
[25] Rafatnia S. Adaptive fixed-time terminal sliding mode control of a Peltier cell fused with a fuzzy fixed-time perturbation estimator. Journal of Process Control. 2025;148:103391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2025.103391
[26] Sisi ZA, Mirzaei M, Rafatnia S. Estimation of vehicle suspension dynamics with data fusion for correcting measurement errors. Measurement. 2024;231:114438. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2024.114438
[27] Salmani Arani MM, Mirzaei M, Akbari Alvanagh A, Aghasizade Shaarbaf S. Identification of a nonlinear model for elements of a test rig of quarter car suspension system. Modares Mechanical Engineering. 2016;15(11):136-42 (In Persian). DOI: https://sid.ir/paper/177756/en
[28] Ni J, Liu L, Chen M, Liu C. Fixed-time disturbance observer design for Brunovsky systems. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs. 2017;65(3):341-5. DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2017.2710418
[29] Angulo MT, Moreno JA, Fridman L. Robust exact uniformly convergent arbitrary order differentiator. Automatica. 2013;49(8):2489-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2013.04.034
[30] Perruquetti W, Floquet T, Moulay E. Finite-time observers: application to secure communication. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 2008;53(1):356-60. DOI: 10.1109/TAC.2007.914264
[31] Hou X, Cui L, Chang S, Zong Y, editors. Fixed-Time ESO Based Prescribed Performance Fixed-Time Controller Design for a Quadrotor. Advances in Guidance, Navigation and Control: Proceedings of 2020 International Conference on Guidance, Navigation and Control, ICGNC 2020, Tianjin, China, October 23–25, 2020; 2021: Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8155-7_111
[32] Bhat SP, Bernstein DS. Geometric homogeneity with applications to finite-time stability. Mathematics of Control, Signals and Systems. 2005;17(2):101-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00498-005-0151-x
